Key words: STCW Code, VLCC, Crude oil, Loading, Discharging, COW, Inert Gas System, pollution, simulation training.
Abstract
Crude Oil is a dangerous cargo which transported by sea using special design of tanker ship who called Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC). Shipment of crude oil, involves high risks of fire and explosion, poisoning and hazarding of the human body, and environmental pollution due leakage which in Annex I MARPOL 1973/1978. The STCW Code 1995, in Table A-V/Section I and B-V/Section I is requirements for the training abilities of crude oil tanker captain, officers and ratings. In addition, IMO Model Training Course 1.01 and 1.02 provide curriculum guidelines. In the Crude oil tanker simulator training, these are to provide and enhance senior navigation course participants for mastery of the knowledge and skills required when dealing with crude oil in order to promote safe and efficient handling the cargo.
JICA Maritime Education advanced of Information Technology (Navigation) Training participants who are from Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vietnam fully attended the training simulator course in Marine Technical College. Professor Kenji ASAKI and Capt. Akira MIYAJI had teach all about the training such as introduction, basic knowledge about crude oil tanker, Tanker ship construction, pipeline diagram arrangement, and practice loading/discharging crude oil using PC based simulator and using VLCC’s COC simulator. All participants have had the opportunity to understood and made in practice all what was professor explained. This report summary presented about introduction the crude oil tanker Simulator Training, facilities during the simulation training, how to train with hardware in simulator room using real equipments and all instruments, LONT (Line Oriented Navigation Training), the evaluation of training and the last one is conclusion.
Introduction
Crude oil is a naturally-occurring substance found in certain rock formations in the earth. It is a dark, sticky liquid which, scientifically speaking, is classified as a hydrocarbon. This means, it is a compound containing carbon and hydrogen, with or without non-metallic elements such as oxygen and sulfur. Crude oil is highly flammable and can be burned to create energy. Along with its sister hydrocarbon, natural gas, derivatives from crude oil make an excellent fuel. The Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC) is only superseded in size by the Ultra Large Crude Carrier (ULCC).
The number of ULCC tankers is very limited (11 ships) and has been declining. The VLCC/ULCCs are predominantly employed on the long voyages between the Middle Eastern countries and the USA or the Asian countries. The VLCC/ULCCs are to a large degree limited from being employed on the short intra-regional voyages because the sheer size of the tanker usually prevents it from entering the small harbors with depth and length restrictions. On short haul voyages where the demand at the destination is rather limited it is much more efficient to ship small cargo sizes thus avoiding long periods of time along the quay and avoiding investing in large storage facilities at the destination.
Facilities
Crude Oil Handling Simulator in MTC Laboratory/Simulator, there are PC Based simulator and COC Simulator for Loading and discharging operation look like activities in a VLCC.
How to train with a hardware
Professor Kenji ASAKI and Captain Akira MIYAJI had teach very nice theory for handling crude oil such as tracing pipeline diagrams in a VLCC, loading and discharging operation using PC Based Simulator before COC Simulator. In the last lesson, observation and study about cutting real model of Hydraulic pump’s manual and maintain operation, centrifugal pump, electro motor pump which exist in pump room of VLCC.
LONT
(line Oriented Navigation Training)
The LONT (Line Oriented Navigation Training) was the use of Crude oil handling simulator in COC. The knowledge about features of all facilities, the regulation that gave the scale of application of these equipment and the integration of all equipments to handling of crude oil operation such as loading and discharging safely. And after come back to my country will be apply to Tanker Familiarization Training and Oil Tanker Training Program in my institution Semarang Merchant Marine Polytechnics regarding teaching methods in MTC.
Evaluation
Simulation training’s evaluation was varied and diffused. The participants made a positive approach with the COC Simulator. Familiarization using PC Based Simulator is very useful before practice in COC Simulator, knowledge about pipeline diagram very important for officer before join in tanker ship. According this simulation training, officer will be understand of preparation before, after and while loading and discharging crude oil.
Conclusion
The skills of all participants gained with the course include the safe operation of loading and discharging crude oil, regulation and ship construction regarding prevent of pollution. This training will be useful for improvement of training’s quality in tanker familiarization course according to the right methods.
Crude Oil Handling Simulator in MTC Laboratory/Simulator, there are PC Based simulator and COC Simulator for Loading and discharging operation look like activities in a VLCC.
How to train with a hardware
Professor Kenji ASAKI and Captain Akira MIYAJI had teach very nice theory for handling crude oil such as tracing pipeline diagrams in a VLCC, loading and discharging operation using PC Based Simulator before COC Simulator. In the last lesson, observation and study about cutting real model of Hydraulic pump’s manual and maintain operation, centrifugal pump, electro motor pump which exist in pump room of VLCC.
LONT
(line Oriented Navigation Training)
The LONT (Line Oriented Navigation Training) was the use of Crude oil handling simulator in COC. The knowledge about features of all facilities, the regulation that gave the scale of application of these equipment and the integration of all equipments to handling of crude oil operation such as loading and discharging safely. And after come back to my country will be apply to Tanker Familiarization Training and Oil Tanker Training Program in my institution Semarang Merchant Marine Polytechnics regarding teaching methods in MTC.
Evaluation
Simulation training’s evaluation was varied and diffused. The participants made a positive approach with the COC Simulator. Familiarization using PC Based Simulator is very useful before practice in COC Simulator, knowledge about pipeline diagram very important for officer before join in tanker ship. According this simulation training, officer will be understand of preparation before, after and while loading and discharging crude oil.
Conclusion
The skills of all participants gained with the course include the safe operation of loading and discharging crude oil, regulation and ship construction regarding prevent of pollution. This training will be useful for improvement of training’s quality in tanker familiarization course according to the right methods.
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