Key words: Distress, Global Communication, MES, LES, Alert, Broadcast, SOLAS 1974.
Abstract
The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) was adopted by amendments in 1988 by the Conference of Contracting Governments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974. This was the culmination of more than a decade of work by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in conjunction with the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), World Meteorological Organization (WMO), International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT), and others. The GMDSS represents a significant improvement in marine safety over the previous system of short range and high seas radio transmissions. Its many parts include satellite as well as advanced terrestrial communications systems. Operational service of the GMDSS began on 1 February 1992, with full implementation scheduled by 1 February 1999.
The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Maritime Education advanced of Information Technology (Navigation) Training participants who are from Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vietnam had been study and learn GMDSS Simulator Training on Marine Technical College, there were experienced instructors that supervised and conducted the class. There were very experienced Radio Officers on board ship as lecturers and instructors. They have taught all about GMDSS such as introduction, basic knowledge sounding for participant, how to set up and to operate equipments, sending and receiving alerts, distress etc.. This report summary presented about introduction the GMDSS Simulator Training, facilities during the simulation training, how to train with hardware in simulator room using real equipments and all instruments, LONT (Line Oriented Navigation Training), the evaluation of training and the last one is conclusion.
Introduction
The Global Maritime Distress Safety System (GMDSS) is an internationally agreed-upon set of safety procedures, types of equipment, and communication protocols used to increase safety and make it easier to rescue distressed ships, boats and aircraft. GMDSS consists of several systems, some of which are new, but many of which have been in operation for many years. The system is intended to perform the following functions: alerting (including position determination of the unit in distress), search and rescue coordination, locating (homing), maritime safety information broadcasts, general communications, and bridge-to-bridge communication.
Specific radio carriage requirements depend upon the ship's area of operation, rather than its tonnage. The system also provides redundant means of distress alerting, and emergency sources of power. Recreational vessels do not need to comply with GMDSS radio carriage requirements, but will increasingly use the Digital Selective Calling (DSC) VHF radios and offshore vessels may elect to equip themselves further. Vessels under 300 Gross Tonnage (GT) are not subject to GMDSS requirements and vessels from 300 to 500 GT have less restrictive carriage requirements than vessels 500 GT and over. GMDSS sea areas serve two purposes: to describe areas where GMDSS services are available, and to define what GMDSS ships must carry. Prior to the GMDSS, the number and type of radio safety equipment ships had to carry depended upon its tonnage. With GMDSS, the number and type of radio safety equipment ships have to carry depend upon the areas in which they travel. GMDSS sea areas are defined by governments. In addition to equipment listed below, all GMDSS-regulated ships must carry a satellite EPIRB, a NAVTEX receiver (if they travel in any areas served by NAVTEX), an Inmarsat-C SafetyNET receiver (if they travel in any areas not served by NAVTEX), a DSC-equipped VHF radiotelephone, two or more VHF handhelds, and a search and rescue radar transponder (SART).
Facilities
GMDSS Simulator room in MTC have Furuno’s GMDSS real equipments such as VHF Radio Telephony and DSC, MF/HF Radio telephony and DSC, NBDP, Inmarsat B and C look like common used on board ship.
How to train with a hardware
Practice for send and receive distress alerts, individual, routine, safety and urgency message to LES and MES using HF, DSC and Inmarsat B and C, and also made voice call telephony.
LONT
(line Oriented Navigation Training)
The LONT (Line Oriented Navigation Training) was the use of instruments isolated. The knowledge about features of all facilities in GMDSS simulator, the regulation that gave the scale of application of these equipment and the integration of all equipments to global communication for distress situation and other necessary situation on ship which needs help of RCC and other assistance.
Evaluation
The evaluation for GMDSS simulation training was varied condition and situation. The participants had each role assignment to set up GMDSS equipments and send distress alerts and others. The instructors as LES operator for reply distress and message for each participant.
Conclusion
The GMDSS simulation training conclusion are about how can operated equipments for distress alerts and other necessary function of GMDSS as well according the regulation of SOLAS. All participants understood all instructors explained and applied to GMDSS real equipments in simulator room. Generally, the result of this training was satisfied for all and had improved knowledge and skills for GMDSS operation on board.
Abstract
The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) was adopted by amendments in 1988 by the Conference of Contracting Governments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974. This was the culmination of more than a decade of work by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in conjunction with the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), World Meteorological Organization (WMO), International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT), and others. The GMDSS represents a significant improvement in marine safety over the previous system of short range and high seas radio transmissions. Its many parts include satellite as well as advanced terrestrial communications systems. Operational service of the GMDSS began on 1 February 1992, with full implementation scheduled by 1 February 1999.
The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Maritime Education advanced of Information Technology (Navigation) Training participants who are from Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vietnam had been study and learn GMDSS Simulator Training on Marine Technical College, there were experienced instructors that supervised and conducted the class. There were very experienced Radio Officers on board ship as lecturers and instructors. They have taught all about GMDSS such as introduction, basic knowledge sounding for participant, how to set up and to operate equipments, sending and receiving alerts, distress etc.. This report summary presented about introduction the GMDSS Simulator Training, facilities during the simulation training, how to train with hardware in simulator room using real equipments and all instruments, LONT (Line Oriented Navigation Training), the evaluation of training and the last one is conclusion.
Introduction
The Global Maritime Distress Safety System (GMDSS) is an internationally agreed-upon set of safety procedures, types of equipment, and communication protocols used to increase safety and make it easier to rescue distressed ships, boats and aircraft. GMDSS consists of several systems, some of which are new, but many of which have been in operation for many years. The system is intended to perform the following functions: alerting (including position determination of the unit in distress), search and rescue coordination, locating (homing), maritime safety information broadcasts, general communications, and bridge-to-bridge communication.
Specific radio carriage requirements depend upon the ship's area of operation, rather than its tonnage. The system also provides redundant means of distress alerting, and emergency sources of power. Recreational vessels do not need to comply with GMDSS radio carriage requirements, but will increasingly use the Digital Selective Calling (DSC) VHF radios and offshore vessels may elect to equip themselves further. Vessels under 300 Gross Tonnage (GT) are not subject to GMDSS requirements and vessels from 300 to 500 GT have less restrictive carriage requirements than vessels 500 GT and over. GMDSS sea areas serve two purposes: to describe areas where GMDSS services are available, and to define what GMDSS ships must carry. Prior to the GMDSS, the number and type of radio safety equipment ships had to carry depended upon its tonnage. With GMDSS, the number and type of radio safety equipment ships have to carry depend upon the areas in which they travel. GMDSS sea areas are defined by governments. In addition to equipment listed below, all GMDSS-regulated ships must carry a satellite EPIRB, a NAVTEX receiver (if they travel in any areas served by NAVTEX), an Inmarsat-C SafetyNET receiver (if they travel in any areas not served by NAVTEX), a DSC-equipped VHF radiotelephone, two or more VHF handhelds, and a search and rescue radar transponder (SART).
Facilities
GMDSS Simulator room in MTC have Furuno’s GMDSS real equipments such as VHF Radio Telephony and DSC, MF/HF Radio telephony and DSC, NBDP, Inmarsat B and C look like common used on board ship.
How to train with a hardware
Practice for send and receive distress alerts, individual, routine, safety and urgency message to LES and MES using HF, DSC and Inmarsat B and C, and also made voice call telephony.
LONT
(line Oriented Navigation Training)
The LONT (Line Oriented Navigation Training) was the use of instruments isolated. The knowledge about features of all facilities in GMDSS simulator, the regulation that gave the scale of application of these equipment and the integration of all equipments to global communication for distress situation and other necessary situation on ship which needs help of RCC and other assistance.
Evaluation
The evaluation for GMDSS simulation training was varied condition and situation. The participants had each role assignment to set up GMDSS equipments and send distress alerts and others. The instructors as LES operator for reply distress and message for each participant.
Conclusion
The GMDSS simulation training conclusion are about how can operated equipments for distress alerts and other necessary function of GMDSS as well according the regulation of SOLAS. All participants understood all instructors explained and applied to GMDSS real equipments in simulator room. Generally, the result of this training was satisfied for all and had improved knowledge and skills for GMDSS operation on board.
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